<h2 id="moores-lobby">Moore's Lobby</h2>
<h3 id="ep.-34-the-latest-from-the-lab-how-ibm-research-is-inventing-whats-next">Ep. 34 | The Latest from the Lab: How IBM Research Is Inventing What's Next</h3>
<p><a href="https://www.allaboutcircuits.com/podcast/ep-34-the-latest-from-the-lab-how-ibm-research-is-inventing-whats-next" class="uri">https://www.allaboutcircuits.com/podcast/ep-34-the-latest-from-the-lab-how-ibm-research-is-inventing-whats-next</a></p>
<ol type="1">
<li>Rss feed: <a href="https://eetech.libsyn.com/rss" class="uri">https://eetech.libsyn.com/rss</a></li>
<li>Interview with Dr. Jeffrey Welser
<ul>
<li>VP of Exploratory Science at IBM Research</li>
<li>IBM Release first 2nm chip this year</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Engineers vs Scientists and how they drive innovations</li>
<li>Goal to replace the transistor when Moore's Law stops scaling</li>
<li>Managing thermal loads</li>
<li>Finding new structures and materials to control current</li>
<li>Neural nets, image recognition and AI</li>
<li>Quantum computing
<ul>
<li>Discussion starts at 34:35 into the podcast</li>
<li>Richard Feynman, Early 80's
<ul>
<li><a href="https://www.feynman.com" class="uri">https://www.feynman.com</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li>qubits
<ul>
<li>superposition state</li>
<li>"Spooky action at a distance"</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Encryption
<ul>
<li>Need millions of qubits to break current encryption
<ul>
<li>Only currently over 100 qubits</li>
<li>At least a decade from having enough qubits</li>
<li>Currently have classical systems that cannot be broken by quantum computers
<ul>
<li>The math does not map onto a quantum system</li>
<li>Currently working with NIST to create quantum safe cryptography
<ul>
<li><a href="https://csrc.nist.gov/Projects/Cryptographic-Standards-and-Guidelines" class="uri">https://csrc.nist.gov/Projects/Cryptographic-Standards-and-Guidelines</a></li>
</ul></li>
</ul></li>
</ul></li>
</ul></li>
<li>Quantum chemistry</li>
<li>Quantum chip - cooling and superconducting
<ul>
<li>Dilution refrigerator
<ul>
<li>Low temperature and pressure</li>
<li>Top is 4 Kelvin, bottom gets to 15 milli Kelvin</li>
<li><a href="https://phys.org/news/2019-06-superconducting-quantum-refrigerator.html" class="uri">https://phys.org/news/2019-06-superconducting-quantum-refrigerator.html</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.nist.gov/si-redefinition/kelvin-introduction" class="uri">https://www.nist.gov/si-redefinition/kelvin-introduction</a></li>
</ul></li>
</ul></li>
<li>Josephson junction
<ul>
<li>It is the reference Volt as defined by NIST</li>
<li><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/physics-and-astronomy/josephson-junctions" class="uri">https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/physics-and-astronomy/josephson-junctions</a></li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josephson_voltage_standard" class="uri">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josephson_voltage_standard</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li>Use an IBM quantum computer online
<ul>
<li>May 2016 the first quantum computer was put on the 'Net
<ul>
<li><a href="https://quantum-computing.ibm.com" class="uri">https://quantum-computing.ibm.com</a></li>
<li><a href="https://newsroom.ibm.com/2016-05-03-IBM-Makes-Quantum-Computing-Available-on-IBM-Cloud-to-Accelerate-Innovation" class="uri">https://newsroom.ibm.com/2016-05-03-IBM-Makes-Quantum-Computing-Available-on-IBM-Cloud-to-Accelerate-Innovation</a></li>
<li>300,000 users</li>
<li><a href="https://qiskit.org/documentation" class="uri">https://qiskit.org/documentation</a>
<ul>
<li>Qiskit is open-source software for working with quantum computers at the level of circuits, pulses, and algorithms.</li>
</ul></li>
</ul></li>
</ul></li>
</ul></li>
</ol>
